Information Security: Data Breach (Definitions)

[data loss:] "Deprivation of something useful or valuable about a set of data, such as unplanned physical destruction of data or failure to preserve the confidentiality of data." (David G Hill, "Data Protection: Governance, Risk Management, and Compliance", 2009)

"The unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, notably that of identifying information about individuals." (David G Hill, "Data Protection: Governance, Risk Management, and Compliance", 2009)

"A failure of an obligation to protect against the release of secure data." (Janice M Roehl-Anderson, "IT Best Practices for Financial Managers", 2010)

"The release of secure information to an untrusted environment. Other terms for this occurrence include unintentional information disclosure, data leak, and data spill." (Craig S Mullins, "Database Administration", 2012)

"The unauthorized movement or disclosure of sensitive information to a party, usually outside the organization, that is not authorized to have or see the information." (Olivera Injac & Ramo Šendelj, "National Security Policy and Strategy and Cyber Security Risks", 2016)

"An incident in which sensitive, protected or confidential data has been viewed, stolen or used by an unauthorized body." (Güney Gürsel, "Patient Privacy and Security in E-Health", 2017)

[data leakage:] "The advertent or inadvertent sharing of private and/or confidential information." (Shalin Hai-Jew, "Beware!: A Multimodal Analysis of Cautionary Tales in Strategic Cybersecurity Messaging Online", 2018)

"A security incident involving unauthorized access to data." (Boaventura DaCosta & Soonhwa Seok, "Cybercrime in Online Gaming", 2020)

"An incident where information is accessed without authorization." (Nathan J Rodriguez, "Internet Privacy", 2020)

"A process where large amounts of private data, mostly about individuals, becomes illegally available to people who should not have access to the information." (Ananda Mitra & Yasmine Khosrowshahi, "The 2018 Facebook Data Controversy and Technological Alienation", 2021)

"This refers to any intentional or unintentional leak of secure or private or confidential data to any untrusted system. This is also referred to as information disclosure or data spill." (Srinivasan Vaidyanathan et al, "Challenges of Developing AI Applications in the Evolving Digital World and Recommendations to Mitigate Such Challenges: A Conceptual View", 2021) 

"When the information is stolen or used without consent of the system’s owner, the data stolen may cover confidential information like credit cards or passwords." (Kevser Z Meral, "Social Media Short Video-Sharing TikTok Application and Ethics: Data Privacy and Addiction Issues", 2021)

[data loss:] "The exposure of proprietary, sensitive, or classified information through either data theft or data leakage." (CNSSI 4009-2015)