W3: Semantic Web (Definitions)

"The Web of data with meaning in the sense that a computer program can learn enough about what the data  means to process it." (Tim Berners-Lee, "Weaving the Web", 1999)

"An evolving, collaborative effort led by the W3C whose goal is to provide a common framework that will allow data to be shared and re-used across various applications as well as across enterprise and community boundaries." (J P Getty Trust, "Introduction to Metadata" 2nd Ed, 2008)

"Communication protocols and standards that would include descriptions of the item on the Web such as people, documents, events, products, and organizations, as well as, relationship between documents and relationships between people." (Craig F Smith & H Peter Alesso, "Thinking on the Web: Berners-Lee, Gödel and Turing", 2008)

"The Web of data with meaning in the sense that a computer program can learn enough about what the data means to process it. The principle that one should represent separately the essence of a document and the style is presented." (Craig F Smith & H Peter Alesso, "Thinking on the Web: Berners-Lee, Gödel and Turing", 2008)

"A machine-processable web of smart data, [where] smart data is data that is application-independent, composeable, classified, and part of a larger information ecosystem (ontology)." (David C Hay, "Data Model Patterns: A Metadata Map", 2010)

"An evolving extension of the Web in which Web content can be expressed not only in natural language but also in a form that can be understood, interpreted, and used by intelligent computer software agents, permitting them to find, share, and integrate information more easily." (Linda Volonino & Efraim Turban, "Information Technology for Management" 8th Ed., 2011)

"The next-generation Internet in which all content is tagged with semantic tags defined in published ontologies. Interlinking these ontologies will allow software agents to reason about information not directly connected by document creators." (DAMA International, "The DAMA Dictionary of Data Management", 2011)

"is a term coined by World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) director Sir Tim Berners-Lee. It describes methods and technologies to allow machines to understand the meaning - or 'semantics'- of information on the World Wide Web." (Jingwei Cheng et al, "RDF Storage and Querying: A Literature Review", 2016)

"The vision of a Semantic Web world builds upon the web world, but adds some further prescriptions and constraints for how to structure descriptions. The Semantic Web world unifies the concept of a resource as it has been developed in this book, with the web notion of a resource as anything with a URI. On the Semantic Web, anything being described must have a URI. Furthermore, the descriptions must be structured as graphs, adhering to the RDF metamodel and relating resources to one another via their URIs. Advocates of Linked Data further prescribe that those descriptions must be made available as representations transferred over HTTP." (Robert J Glushko, "The Discipline of Organizing: Professional Edition" 4th Ed., 2016)

"A collaborative effort to enable the publishing of semantic machine-readable and shareable data on the Web." (Panos Alexopoulos, "Semantic Modeling for Data", 2020)

W3: Cyberspace (Definitions)

"A term used to describe the nonphysical, virtual world of computers." (Andy Walker, "Absolute Beginner’s Guide To: Security, Spam, Spyware & Viruses", 2005)

"A metaphoric abstraction for a virtual reality existing inside computers and on computer networks." (DAMA International, "The DAMA Dictionary of Data Management", 2011)

"The online world of computer networks where people can interact with others without physically being with them. People commonly interact with cyberspace via the Internet." (Darril Gibson, "Effective Help Desk Specialist Skills", 2014)

"The interdependent network of information technology infrastructures, which includes the Internet, telecommunications networks, computer systems, and embedded processors and controllers." (Olivera Injac & Ramo Šendelj, "National Security Policy and Strategy and Cyber Security Risks", 2016)

"A complex hyper-dimensional space involving the state of many mutually dependent computer and network systems with complex and often surprising properties as compared to physical space." (O Sami Saydjari, "Engineering Trustworthy Systems: Get Cybersecurity Design Right the First Time", 2018)

"Artifacts based on or dependent on computer and communications technology; the information that these artifacts use, store, handle, or process; and the interconnections among these various elements." (William Stallings, "Effective Cybersecurity: A Guide to Using Best Practices and Standards", 2018)

"Refers to a physical and non-physical terrain created by and/or composed of some or all of the following: computers, computer systems, networks, and their computer programs, computer data, content data, traffic data, and users." (Thokozani I Nzimakwe, "Government's Dynamic Approach to Addressing Challenges of Cybersecurity in South Africa", 2018)

"Cyberspace, is supposedly 'virtual' world/network created by links between computers, Internet-enabled devices, servers, routers, and other components of the Internet’s infrastructure." (Sanjeev Rao et al, "Online Social Networks Misuse, Cyber Crimes, and Counter Mechanisms", 2021)