"A simple query language for accessing RDF structures. As the majority of the query languages developed within a Web context, SPARQL is based on a strict ‘pattern-matching’ approach, which means that no inference facilities are directly associated with SPARQL. As the majority of the Web query languages, SPARQL makes use of a SQL-like format, employing then operators in the style of SELECT and WHERE." (Gian P Zarri, "RDF and OWL for Knowledge Management", 2011)
"An RDF query language standardized by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)." (DAMA International, "The DAMA Dictionary of Data Management", 2011)
"SPARQL is an RDF query language standardized by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). The acronym stands for SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language." (Michael Fellmann et al, "Supporting Semantic Verification of Process Models", 2012)
"An RDF query language; its name is a recursive acronym that stands for SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language." (Mahdi Gueffaz, "ScaleSem Approach to Check and to Query Semantic Graphs", 2015)
"An SQL-like, RDF query language and a recommendation by W3C, developed to manipulate and query the data stored in RDF format." (T R Gopalakrishnan Nair, "Intelligent Knowledge Systems", 2015)
"Is an RDF query language, that is, a semantic query language for databases, able to retrieve and manipulate data stored in Resource Description Framework format." (Fu Zhang et al, "A Review of Answering Queries over Ontologies Based on Databases", 2016)
"Is an RDF query language, that is, a semantic query language for databases, able to retrieve and manipulate data stored in Resource Description Framework format." (Fu Zhang & Haitao Cheng, "A Review of Answering Queries over Ontologies Based on Databases", 2016)
"SPARQL (Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language) is an RDF query language which is a W3C recommendation. SPARQL contains capabilities for querying required and optional graph patterns along with their conjunctions and disjunctions." (Hairong Wang et al, "Fuzzy Querying of RDF with Bipolar Preference Conditions", 2016)
"SPARQL can be used to express queries across diverse data sources, whether the data is stored natively as RDF or viewed as RDF via middleware. SPARQL contains capabilities for querying required and optional graph patterns along with their conjunctions and disjunctions." (Jingwei Cheng et al, "RDF Storage and Querying: A Literature Review", 2016)
"SPARQL (pronounced 'sparkle', a recursive acronym for SPARQL protocol and RDF query language) is an RDF query language, that is, a semantic query language for databases, able to retrieve and manipulate data stored in resource description framework (RDF) format." (Senthil K Narayanasamy & Dinakaran Muruganantham, "Effective Entity Linking and Disambiguation Algorithms for User-Generated Content (UGC)", 2018)
"SPARQL (Simple Protocol and RDF Query Language) is an RDF query language which is a W3C recommendation. SPARQL contains capabilities for querying required and optional graph patterns along with their conjunctions and disjunctions." (Zongmin Ma & Li Yan, "Towards Massive RDF Storage in NoSQL Databases: A Survey", 2019)
"It is a query language on documents described in RDF." (Antonio Sarasa-Cabezuelo & José Luis Fernández-Vindel, "A Model for the Creation of Academic Activities Based on Visits", 2020)
"The SPARQL query language is a structured language for querying RDF data in a declarative fashion. Its core function is subgraph pattern matching, which corresponds to finding all graph homomorphism in the data graph for a query graph." (Kamalendu Pal, "Ontology-Assisted Enterprise Information Systems Integration in Manufacturing Supply Chain", 2020)
"Query language used to access and retrieve RDF data distributed in different geographical locations." (Janneth Chicaiza, "Leveraging Linked Data in Open Education", 2021)
"It is used for querying data in RDF format, in a similar way that SQL is used to query relational databases. SPARQL is a standard created and maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium. SPARQL is useful for getting data out of linked databases as an alternative to a more specific API." (Data.Gov.UK)
"A query language similar to SQL, used for queries to a linked-data triple store." ("Open Data Handbook")
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